Other Sources

Books & Articles

Cherniack, Martin, The Hawk's Nest Incident: America`s Worst Industrial Disaster, Yale University Press, 1984. 

D’Agostino, Ryan, "America’s Deadliest Industrial Disaster And the Cover-Up That Erased It from History," Popular Mechanics, Oct. 17, 2025

Goffeney, Martin, “Hawk’s Nest: The Deadliest Industrial Disaster You’ve Never Heard Of,” heinonline.org, Jan. 26, 2024.

Mellon, Steve, “At Hawk’s Nest, hundreds of sickened workers died, then were hidden and forgotten; it wasn’t an accident,” unionprogress.com, 2025.

Rukeyser, Muriel, The Book of the Dead, West Virginia University Press, 2018.

Spangler, Patricia, The Hawks Nest Tunnel: An Unabridged History, 2008.

Spencer, Howard W., “The Historic & Cultural Importance of the Hawks Nest Tunnel Disaster,” assp.org, 2023.

Thompson, Raymond, Appalachian Ghost: A Photographic Reimagining, University Press of Kentucky, 2024.

Podcasts

“How America’s Deadliest Industrial Disaster Was Almost Erased,” Wondery’s Lawless Planet, Episode 30, February 2026

“The Hawks Nest Tunnel Disaster,” Creepalachia, January 2026